Two cases of KRT1 mutation-associated epidermolytic ichthyosis without typical epidermolytic hyperkeratosis in the neonatal skin lesions.

Epidermolytic ichthyosis (EI) is a rare genetic disorder of keratinization caused by mutations in either KRT1 or KRT10. Histopathologically, epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK) is a hallmark of EI. Here, we report two EI cases in which KRT1 mutation was confirmed by molecular study, but without typical EHK present on skin biopsies performed within 1 week of age. Our cases demonstrate that EHK may not be evident in EI if skin biopsy is performed during the neonatal period.

Annular Epidermolytic Ichthyosis Mimicking Greither Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.

BACKGROUND Annular epidermolytic ichthyosis is a rare form of epidermolytic ichthyosis caused by specific pathogenic variants of KRT1 and KRT10. Classically, it manifests at birth with variable degrees of erythroderma and superficial erosions, which subsequently improve with time. Later, it is characterized by a cyclic history of annular hyperkeratotic erythematous plaques over the trunk and proximal extremities, with or without palmoplantar keratoderma. Greither syndrome, another autosomal dominant disorder of KRT1 mutation, is demonstrated by the diffuse, thick, scaly yellow PPK with transgrediens and erythematous border extending up to the Achilles' tendon, patchy hyperkeratotic plaques over the knees, shins, thighs, elbows, knuckles, and axillary folds. We describe a patient with clinical findings consistent with annular epidermolytic ichthyosis mimicking Greither disease with a likely associated pathogenic variant of KRT1. CASE REPORT A 3-year-old Saudi girl presented with a diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) extending to the dorsal aspects of the hands and feet up to the Achilles' tendon, first noticed at the age of 3 months, with a history of recurrent coin-shaped erythematous crusted erosions over the trunk, which were spontaneously healed over time, and an associated history of hyperhidrosis. Patchy hyperkeratotic plaques were noticed upon further examination over the bilateral elbows, axillary folds, and oral commissures. CONCLUSIONS The phenotype of our patient is consistent with the clinical features described for AEI, making the new K1 variant a likely pathogenic variant. When K1 mutation is the causative variant of the disease expression, phenotypically, it can present with Greither-like PPK.

Scabies in a 14-year-old girl with superficial epidermolytic ichthyosis.

A 14-year-old girl who reported generalized scaling and hyperkeratosis since age 1 year presented with severe pruritus of several months' duration. Scabies mites were detected, and molecular genetic analysis subsequently revealed a rare pathogenic variant in the keratin 2 (KRT2) gene, confirming a diagnosis of superficial epidermolytic ichthyosis. Treatment with oral ivermectin led to complete remission of symptoms. Disorders of keratinization can mimic clinical signs of scabies, leading to a delay in diagnosis.

Epidermolytic epidermal nevus caused by a somatic mutation in KRT2.

Superficial epidermolytic ichthyosis (formerly Ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens) is an uncommon condition caused by dominant mutations in KRT2 encoding keratin 2. Epidermolytic epidermal nevus due to somatic mutations in KRT2 is even rarer. Here, we report the third case of KRT2-associated epidermal nevus and review the literature.

Dermatomiositis anti-MDA5 (CADM-140) positiva: manifestaciones mucocutáneas y de partes blandas / Anti-MDA5 (CADM-140) positive dermatomyositis: Mucocutaneous and soft tissue manifestations

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Epidermolytic acanthoma in a young woman: a case letter.

Epidermolytic acanthoma (EA) is a rare benign tumor that is characterized by epidermolytic hyperkeratosis on histopathology. It usually presents in adulthood as an asymptomatic tumor <1 cm in diameter with a verrucous surface. We report a very uncommon case of epidermolytic acanthoma. A 21-year-old woman came to our hospital with a pale black papule on the left lower eyelid near the Inner canthus for 2 months. Two months ago the patient noted a pale brown spot on the inside of the left lower eyelid, which gradually enlarged, forming a papule with a deepened color. There were no associated symptoms, such as itching or pain. There were no local injuries, scratches, or other incidents before the crash occurred. The patient was always healthy, with no history of chronic disease or other skin diseases, and no similar cases existed in the family. We diagnosed it as EA.

Ictiosis arlequín: presentación de un caso / Harlequin ichthyosis: presentation of a case

RESUMEN Las genodermatosis ictiosiformes constituyen un grupo heterogéneo de trastornos de la cornificación caracterizados por hiperqueratosis y descamación de la piel. La ictiosis arlequín es la forma más grave y agresiva de las ictiosis congénitas, presenta una baja prevalencia (1/300 000 nacimientos) con expresividad clínica variable, una evolución desfavorable y pronóstico reservado. Se presenta con un patrón autosómico recesivo y su diagnóstico prenatal es aún difícil. Se presentó el caso de un recién nacido masculino pretérmino de 34 semanas gestacionales, sin historia familiar de trastornos de piel, con un cuadro característico de ictiosis arlequín, quien falleció a los 11 días de vida. Se realizó la caracterización clínica y anatomopatológica de la enfermedad y se ofrece una revisión sobre esta rara entidad (AU).

ABSTRACT Ichthyosiform genodermatoses are a heterogeneous group of cornification disorders characterized by hyperkeratosis and skin flaking. Harlequin ichthyosis is the most aggressive and serious form of congenital ichthyoses, presenting a low prevalence (1/300 000 births), with variable clinical expressivity, an unfavorable evolution and reserved prognosis. It appears with an autosomal recessive pattern and its prenatal diagnosis is still difficult. The authors present the case of a male preterm newborn, of 34 gestational weeks, without family history of skin disorders, and clinical characteristics of Harlequin ichthyosis, who died at the 11 day of birth. The disease clinical and anatomopathologic characterization was carried out and a review of this rare entity is made (AU).

The first case of a mosaic superficial epidermolytic ichthyosis diagnosed by Ultra-Deep Sequence.

BACKGROUND: Superficial epidermolytic ichthyosis (SEI), known as ichthyosis bullosa of Siemens (IBS; OMIM No. 146800) before, is a type of keratinopathic ichthyosis due to the KRT2 mutations (NM_000423.3; OMIM No. 600194). Here, we report the first case of SEI caused by a KRT2 mosaic mutation. METHODS: We presented the clinical data of a 5-year-old Chinese boy who suffered from SEI. The histopathological examination and immunofluorescence were performed to rule out immunobullous skin diseases and diseases with subepidermal blisters. Genomic DNA samples were extracted from the lesion tissue and next-generation sequencing was performed. We also confirmed the variant allele frequency (VAF) in different tissues by an Ultra-Deep Sequencing technology. RESULTS: The patient presented with blisters on the lower extremities and linear, superficially hyperkeratotic lesions. Immunofluorescence of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C4, and C1q were negative, and the histopathological results showed intraepidermal blisters containing lymphocytes and eosinophils. A heterozygous missense mutation, c.G1459A (p. Glu487Lys), in exon 7 of the KRT2 gene was detected at a 31.17% allele frequency. The same mutation p. Glu487Lys has been described several times in the literature. CONCLUSION: Thus, in our patient, the mosaic mutation explains the blaschkoid ichthyosiform phenotype. To our knowledge, this is the first case of SEI with a KRT2 mosaic mutation.

Pápulas hipopigmentadas en niña sana / Hypopigmented Papules in a Healthy Girl

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